Stress Analysis in FRP/GRP Piping According to ISO 14692 Standard
Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP/GRP) piping is widely used in industries such as oil & gas, water, and chemicals due to its corrosion resistance and reduced weight. However, its design and installation require precise stress analysis to ensure the structural and operational integrity of the system. The ISO 14692 standard provides key guidelines for the design, […]
ATEX Study: Smart Prevention and Industrial Strategy in Explosion-Risk Environments
In industrial environments where explosive atmospheres may form—due to the presence of gases, vapors, mists, or combustible dusts—conducting an ATEX study is not only a legal requirement but also a strategic practice to protect people, ensure operational continuity, minimize environmental impact, and strengthen corporate image. A systematic evaluation of these risks allows companies to anticipate […]
When to perform a Water Hammer Analysis?
Purpose of Water hammer analysis One of the main purposes of water hammer analysis is to determine surge pressure or maximum expected pressure during transient conditions. This is of particular interest to evaluate operative scenarios: When a pump is suddenly stopped, a valve is closed, or any other scenario that implies a relevant change of […]
HAZOP Study in industrial engineering projects
Operational safety is a fundamental pillar in process engineering. A Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) is a systematic and rigorous methodology used to identify and evaluate potential risks in process facilities. The implementation of a HAZOP is critical in the basic and detailed engineering stages, as it lays the foundation for safe and efficient operation. […]
Thermal stratification in cryogenic LNG pipelines
Thermal stratification in cryogenic LNG lines, also known as the banana effect, occurs when there is a significant thermal difference between the bottom and top of a pipe. In the day-to-day running of a terminal, the temperature in the lines is relatively uniform, so the associated thermal stresses will not compromise the structural integrity of […]
STRESS ANALYSIS OF PIPES WITH RATIO D / t> 100
On certain occasions, during the development of projects where large diameter pipes are involved, scenarios arise in which the diameter (D) / thickness (t) ratio is higher than 100. It is common to find this situation in systems with large diameter pipes that work at low pressure, in which the calculated thickness due to the […]
